Schaeffer proposes four basic standards one can apply to a work of art: 1) technical excellence, 2) validity, 3) intellectual content, the world view which comes through, and 4) the integration of content and vehicle. It is using these four standards that Schaeffer proposes we judge a work of art. Keep in mind that these are subjective standards, and they are not meant to be used as some sort of scale. They build on each other. It’s a good idea to consider all four when evaluating a work of art, and I think it is in their relationship that we can argue something is a truly great work of art.